Android reverse engineering toolkit jobs
...presentation about chaos engineering and incident management specifically for a .Net driven distributed monolith. Key points include: - The purpose of the presentation is to educate stakeholders and instigate a beneficial scenario discussion, leading us on a path to implementation. - The target audience has an intermediate understanding of chaos engineering and incident management, hence the presentation should be calibrated to this level. - The presentation will heavily emphasize on the practical aspects of chaos engineering and incident management. Focal themes would be implementing chaos engineering, simulating incidents, and strategies for mitigation. To ensure a successful project, you ideally should have: - Past experience and robust understanding of...
I'm in need of an Android application developer for a business productivity application. The project involves developing an application that will allow users to manage their accounts. Key Features: - User Account Management: This is the main feature of the application. The app should enable users to create, log into, and manage their accounts securely. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficient in Android app development - Experience with creating apps involving user account management - Familiarity with security considerations in app development If you have expertise in Android app development and have successfully delivered similar projects in the past, I'd love to hear from you. Please include samples of your work in your application.
I've been encountering an error while trying to launch the Medium Tablet API 29 emulator in Android Studio 4.4 on my Windows system. The message says, "The emulator process for AVD Medium_Tablet_API_29 has terminated." I've scoured online resources and tried resolving the issue myself. However, the problem persists even after reinstalling the Android Emulator. I'm looking for a competent Android Studio expert who can help me resolve this error and get my emulator up and running it is, Unable to launch Medium Tablet API 29 - The emulator process for AVD Medium_Tablet_API_29 has terminated. Key Requirements: - Proficient in Android Studio - Experienced in troubleshooting emulator issues Your assistance in resolving this issue would b...
I'm interested in application development for both Android and iOS platforms. The key feature is to allow sending SMS messages to a selected database. Any professional stepping into this project should be able to handle: - Database development: The backend needs to be designed to store contact details efficiently. Expectation is to accommodate less than 100 contacts initially, with potential for future expansion. Strong database management skills are a prerequisite. - App development: Looking for someone with profound knowledge of Android and iOS app development. Familiarity with SMS integration in apps is essential. Don't shy away from illustrating your previous experience in similar projects when bidding.
I'm looking for a skilled Android app developer to create a user-friendly e-commerce app. The app will need to have: - User Registration and Login: The primary functionality that allows users to create their profiles and login securely. The ideal candidate should have prior experience in developing Android e-commerce apps and should be familiar with best practices in terms of user registration and login systems. Your attention to detail and commitment to producing a high-quality, reliable application are essential. Feel free to showcase any relevant portfolio items when bidding.
Handwritten/Manual Structural Engineering Calculations for concrete water tank and steel warehouse.
I'm in need of a skilled mobile app developer, ideally with experience in hybrid platforms such as Flutter. The app I'm looking to develop is a translation tool, not a translation engine. It needs to be compatible with both iOS and Android platforms, as well as a web application. Key Features: - Text Input Translation - Voice Input Translation - Camera Input Translation The app will be integrated with a third-party translation service to provide accurate translation services. The primary goal of the initial version of this app is to have a functioning and seamless translation service across these mediums. The translation service should be able to handle input using text, voice, and the camera interchangeably. You will need to implement the UI/UX and backend logic for t...
I need an Android app that includes an integrated Tapjoy offerwall. The main functionalities of the app should include: - User Registration: Users should be able to log in using their email and password. - Offerwall Integration: The app should have a single Tapjoy offerwall integrated into it. This is the core feature of the app. - User Balance: The user's balance should automatically update after they complete an offer. Ideal skills and experience for this job include: - Proficiency in Android development, including experience with integrating third-party offerwalls. - Understanding of user registration and secure login systems. - Experience in developing apps that update user balances automatically. - Knowledge of Tapjoy or similar offerwall integration is a plus.
...mobile automation tester who is proficient in Appium and TestNG framework. - Target Platforms: I need the testing to work for both Android and iOS. This includes setting up the necessary environment for this cross-platform testing. - Types of Tests: I'd like to automate Functional, Regression and Performance tests. The freelancer should have a strong understanding and experience in automating these specific types of tests. - Devices/Emulators: The tests should be performed on any available device. There is no specific device or emulator requirements. Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in Appium and TestNG framework - Experience in cross-platform mobile testing (Android and iOS) - Proven background in automating Functional, Regression and Performance tests - Ability to wo...
I'm in need of an Android app developer to create a simple yet effective Mess Attendance Application. This app is aimed at students who need to keep track of their attendance in the mess. Key Features: - **User Authentication**: The app should ensure that only registered students can use it. - **Notifications**: It should provide notifications to remind students to mark their attendance. - **Mark Attendance**: The core function of the app is to allow students to mark their attendance digitally. Current Data Recording: The attendance data is currently being recorded manually in paper registers. The goal of this application is to digitize this process, making it more efficient and accessible for all the students. Design is already in Figma File
I'm seeking a designer who can craft a visually compelling and user-friendly interface for a house hunting app running on the Android platform. The app aims to simplify the house hunting process with keen attention to detail and a seamless user experience. Key Features: - Property Search: Users should be able to quickly search for properties with immediate results. - Filter Options: Price, location and size are the 'big three' for property search. The interface should feature these elements centrally. - Save Listings: A feature to save and revisit properties is a necessity. Ideal skills and prior experience: Proficient in Android design guidelines, skilled in UX/UI design, and a portfolio showcasing prior app interface designs. Your ability to create a cle...
I need a cross-platform native mobile application for iOS and Android that will primarily be used for fund transfer, recharge, bill payment, tax accounts, and other utility services as per attachment. The app should have a user-friendly interface and must be fast, secure and reliable. Key requirements: - Develop a cross-platform native mobile application for iOS and Android. - The application should be able to facilitate fund transfers, recharge, bill payments, manage tax accounts, and provide utility services. - Ensure that the app is user-friendly, fast, secure, and reliable. I need this project completed ASAP. Please provide your portfolio and relevant experience when you submit your bid.
I'm looking for an experienced Android app developer to create a fun and educational app for children. Key Requirements: - The main focus of the app should be on providing educational content for children. - It should have a user-friendly interface designed for children. - The app should be engaging and interactive to hold a child's attention. Ideal Candidate: - A developer with experience in creating educational apps. - Someone who understands the needs and interests of children. - A creative mind to make learning fun.
I'm currently in need of an Android app developer with experience in creating educational apps. The app should be designed to deliver high-quality video lessons to users. Key Features: - The primary function of the app should be centered around educational purposes. - The app should provide an intuitive platform for users to access a range of video lessons. I'm looking for a professional who can bring this vision to life. The ideal candidate should have: - A strong understanding of Android development. - Prior experience creating educational applications. - A keen eye for user experience and interface design. - The ability to integrate video lessons into the app effectively. If you have the skills and experience necessary, please get in touch.
I am looking for an experienced Android app developer to create a cutting-edge e-commerce platform. The app needs to support multiple languages and integrate the Google Pay payment gateway. The ideal candidate for this project should have: - Proficiency in Android development and a solid portfolio showcasing similar e-commerce app projects. - Experience with integrating payment gateways, preferably Google Pay. - Ability to implement multi-language support within the app. - Excellent communication skills and a proactive work approach. If you have the skills and experience required, please submit your proposal, including your relevant past work and an estimated timeline for the completion of this project.
Engineering Background Content Creator Required For Tech Related Topics
I am seeking an expert in marine engineering or naval architecture to perform an in-depth buoyancy calculation for my medium-sized (20-30 feet) fishing charter boat. The boat is designed primarily for fishing charter purposes and needs to support a medium load capacity (4-8 people). Your task will include: - Calculation and analysis of the boat's buoyancy with medium load - Providing a detailed report on the boat's load capacity, stability, and safety Applicants should have significant experience in boat design and naval architecture, with a strong understanding of buoyancy principles. Your background knowledge, talents, and precise calculations will be crucial in ensuring that our fishing boat is safe, stable, and ready for an exciting fishing adventure. Please pre...
I'm looking for an expert machine software engineer who can proficiently integrate software with hardware. Key tasks: - The successful freelancer will be required to integrate software with an industrial control system and Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). Ideal skills and experience: - The ideal candidate will have considerable experience in machine software engineering, with a focus on software and hardware integration. - In-depth understanding and hands-on experience with industrial control systems and PLCs are crucial for this task. - Experience with programmable logic controllers (PLC) is particularly critical. We are looking to build a load bank with Canbus or another form of communication protocol that can be controlled from a single location. Software will hav...
...developer who can build a robust reverse proxy with a focus on traffic management, particularly incorporating WebSocket support. Key Project Requirements: - Traffic Management: The main focus of this project is on traffic management, with the aim to ensure that the proxy can handle a high volume of traffic effectively. - WebSocket Support: A crucial aspect of the project is the ability to handle WebSocket connections seamlessly. This will include both the initial handshake and the ongoing management of WebSocket connections. - Protocol Flexibility: The completed reverse proxy should be able to support multiple protocols. This is necessary for the project's success, as it will be used in a diverse network environment. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficient in r...
I am seeking a skilled app developer to create a user-friendly application compatible with both iOS and Android platforms. The main functionalities of this app are centered on online transactions and creating an engaging user interactive experience. Ideal Skills: • Proficiency in iOS and Android app development • Experience with creating transactional functionalities • Expertise in user interface and engagement features development Experience: • Should be something like urban company. This project demands innovative thinking and excellent technical skills. If this aligns with your expertise, I would love to hear from you.
...intuitive mobile application for automobile insurance. The application needs to be highly user-friendly and should be accessible on both iOS and Android platforms. Key Features: - The app should collect information from various automobile insurance companies in one location which will help users to compare and choose the best option. - The ability to generate quotes from multiple insurance companies is a must. - It should also support claim reporting and policy management functionalities. Ideal Candidate: - Experience in developing insurance related mobile applications is desirable. - Must have previous experience creating apps for both iOS and Android. - Knowledge in integrating third-party APIs to fetch data. - An understanding of the insurance industry's standard...
...problem solving mindset. - Experience working in an agile/scrum development process. Key Features for the Interface: • Supplier Management & Purchase Order • Order Management • Inventory Management • Warehouse Labor Planning • Inventory Control & Tracking • Goods Receiving & Storing (Inbound) • Order Picking and Packing (Outbound) • Shipping Management • Transport Management System • Reverse Logistics or Returns • Analytics and Reporting Your design should seamlessly integrate these features, making the system easier to navigate and more efficient. A primary goal is enhancing the user experience, so a strong understanding of user-centred design principles is a must. Through your design, we aim to impr...
...Ideal Skills and Experiences: - Expertise in Electronics Engineering: A deep knowledge of electronics is essential for this role. You should have experience working on similar projects and be able to demonstrate a strong understanding of electronic design principles. - Circuit Design Skills: Experience in designing complex circuits is a plus. You should be able to handle the intricacies that come with designing the electronic components of this project. - Prototype Development: While the project is in the design phase, experience with prototype development would be beneficial. This will help us to ensure that the designs are feasible and functioning correctly. Please only apply if you have a strong background in Electronics Engineering and if you are confident in your abi...
It is a home tuition finding application for tutor as well as parents/students. Both tutor and parent can register in the app to find tuition with best mutual benefits. Parents and tutors can post their requirements later they can connect as per their choice. It’s a kind of match-making app for tutors and parents. The project is under development, most of the features developed already. We need to develop additional features, stability need to develop to make it ready to launch. Basic features: ➔ • Registration and Login features ➔ • Simple and easy registration process for parents with OTP verification ➔ • Tutor and Student profile section ➔ • Monthly subscription for tutors ➔ • Free registration for parents Salient Features: ➔ • Posting tuition require...
I need an expert in space mission plotting who can create trajectory plots pertaining to a hypothetical space mission. The project revolves around producing ca...provide details on the mission’s complete orbital trajectory. Key Project Requirements: - Develop trajectory plots for the mission, highlighting details of our journey between planetoids. - A knack for making figures that optimize understanding for viewers, even with an untrained eye to space exploration details like the figure attached. Ideal skills and experience: - A background in Aerospace Engineering or related fields. - Proven experience with trajectory plotting. - Proficient using relevant software to develop accurate and comprehensible figures. - Knowledge and interest in space explorations and planetoids,...
I'm seeking an experienced Android developer to create a custom application for educational video distribution. Key Features - The primary objective of this app is to facilitate the sharing of educational content. - The app should support user-generated content uploads. User Accounts - The app should have different access levels for students accessing the content and teachers who will be uploading content. Experience - Prior experience in developing video sharing platforms is a plus. - Proficiency in Android development is a must. - Experience in handling user accounts and differing access levels is highly preferred. If you think you're suitable for the job, I'd love to hear from you.
I'm in need of a proficient mobile app developer to create a cross-platform (iOS/Android) social networking app using Flutter. The app will have essential features such as user registration and profile management, as well as real-time chat functionality. Key Responsibilities: - Develop a cross-platform mobile app using Flutter. - Implement user registration and profile management features. - Integrate real-time chat functionality into the app. - Optimize the app for both iOS and Android devices. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in mobile app development, specifically with Flutter. - Strong understanding of user registration, profile management, and real-time chat systems. - Familiarity with social networking app development. - A strong portfolio demonst...
...The goal is to manipulate webcam settings within an Android emulator environment via adb. Here's what I need: - Modify the current webcam resolution to be higher. - Improve the webcam image quality to support High Dynamic Range (HDR). - Ensure frida-tools can adjust parameters to emulate native library detection. What I require from you: - Experience with frida-tools and adb commands. - Understanding of Android emulator environments. - Proficiency in webcam technology, including resolution and HDR. - Capability to simulate native Android library detections. Freelancers with prior projects involving webcam customization or Android emulation will be preferred. If you have the technical expertise to enhance an Android emulator's webcam capa...
...of an experienced Android app developer to create a social networking application. The key features of the app are: - User profiles and authentication: The app should allow users to register, create profiles, and securely authenticate themselves. - In-app messaging and notifications: The app needs to have a messaging system where users can communicate with each other, as well as a notifications feature to keep users updated on activity. - Photo and video sharing capabilities: The app should enable users to share photos and videos with their network. The project has no strict deadline, but a timely completion is appreciated. I'm looking for a developer with a strong background in building social networking apps, as well as the following skills: - Proficiency in Androi...
...calls. - **Points System**: Customer Loyalty: Implement a points system where customers can earn points on purchases, which can be redeemed for rewards or converted to wallet credit. - **Mobile Apps**: iOS and Android Development: Develop mobile apps for both iOS and Android platforms, ensuring users can access the marketplace via smartphones and tablets. - **Multi-Language Support**: Support for multiple languages, including English and Arabic (RTL), across all platforms. **Key Deliverables:** - A fully functional multi-vendor marketplace platform. - Mobile apps for iOS and Android, supporting the specified menu structure.- - Backend web application for management. - Integration with support and ticketing systems and chat. - Full source code. - Installation o...
As a business owner, I am in need of an Android developer who can construct a ride booking application. This application's main feature will be user login, which would primarily cater to Riders and Drivers. Key Requirements: - Develop a user login feature - Design the application for two types of users: Riders and Drivers Ideal Experience and Skills: - Previous experience in building ride-booking or similar applications - Proficiency in Android development - Deep understanding of user login functionalities - Knowledge in providing intricate personalized content. The role would require significant contributions in the planning, designing, and execution of the complex user login feature. This role is best suited for a developer who is well equipped with a solid techn...
I'm in search of a talented graphic designer to create a combination text and icon-based logo for my food and beverage business. Resonating with the simplicity and recognizabilit...McDonald's logo is key in this project. Key Responsibilities: - Design an eye-catching combination logo - Proffer multiple design concepts for selection - Refine and ultimately finalize the selected concept Ideal Candidate: - Exceptional skills in graphic design - Previous work in food and beverage branding - Portfolio reflecting a keen sense of balance, simpleness, boldness and safe-color toolkit, implying a McDonald's esthetic. Revise design iterations till satisfaction. Your expertise in making a design that's simple yet bold, like that of McDonald's, will be invaluable....
...Match Confirmation and History: System to confirm match agreements between teams. Record of past matches, including scores and feedback/rating system. Design and User Experience: The app should have an intuitive and user-friendly interface. A clean and modern design is essential to ensure that users can easily navigate and utilize all features. Technical Specifications: Platforms: iOS and Android Backend: Cloud-based server to handle user data, match schedules, and communication Frontend: Responsive design compatible with various screen sizes Database: Secure storage for user profiles, match history, and communications Project Timeline: I would like to discuss the estimated timeline and milestones for the project with you. Please provide an initial estimate for the developmen...
I'm looking for a mobile app developer to create an Android app that will serve as a platform for users to engage. Key Features: - **User Login and Registration:** The app should allow users to create accounts and log into them. User data should be stored securely. - **Push Notifications:** I want the ability to send push notifications to users through the app. This feature should be robust, allowing for targeted and engaging notifications. I'm eager to see your past work in mobile app development, particularly for the Android platform. Experience with push notification systems and secure user authentication is a plus. If you're confident in your ability to deliver a solid app that fulfills the outlined requirements, please get in touch.
I'm in need of an exceptional landing page that focuses on promot...provide examples of your previous landing page designs and any relevant experience in product promotion. The new version of the app has the following features which I think will be interesting for new users: - How much car/house can the user afford? - How much does the user saves if he pays his debt earlier using extra payments - How much time until FIRE. The app is available on iOs, MacOs and Android and I have the links for all of the platforms and I would like the landing page to have the standard AppStore/PlayStore download links/buttons. I am opened to suggestions for the hosting part, maybe Wix can be a good candidate, not sure. The only requirement will be to be able to connect a domain because I have...
I have a listening device in my home, the purpose of which is to capture conversations that occur when I'm not around. No one should be there, and the main content being picked up are these unauthorized conversations. The problem is, the ...an excess of background noise. I'm seeking an audio expert to enhance the audio quality of these captured conversations, eliminating the background noise and making the vocals distinct and clear. The work would exclusively involve improving the audio quality; I don't need a remote monitoring solution at this stage. Ideally, the selected professional will have: - Strong experience in audio engineering - Proven track record in audio quality enhancement - Specific expertise in background noise reduction - Discretion and respect fo...
I am in need of a skilled developer to build me an Android app specifically for tourism and car booking services. Key Features Required: - The app must have a Payment Gateway feature incorporated into it for efficient and user-friendly transactions. Ideal Skills & Experience: - Proven experience in Android app development - Previous work with tourism and/or car booking apps is a plus - Knowledge about implementing Payment Gateway features for app transactions will be highly valued - Demonstrable capacity to deliver quality work on time. The final deliverable should be a fully-functioning Android app as per the described specifications. I value open communication and expect frequent progress updates. Looking forward to seeing your bids.
We are seeking a professional and experienced develo...character, location, edition size, etc. Community Features: Forums and groups for discussions and community engagement Events calendar for community events, including live sales and meetups Leaderboard showcasing top collectors and traders SEO Optimization: SEO-friendly URLs and meta tags Content optimization for better search engine visibility Mobile App Development: Development of native iOS and Android apps with all web platform features Seamless integration with the web platform to ensure a consistent user experience Push notifications for real-time updates, messages, and alerts User-friendly interface optimized for mobile devices Security Measures: Secure user authentication and data encryption Regular security audits a...
I'm seeking an experienced developer to create an Android app for my e-commerce business. The app should possess a minimalist design, aiming for simplicity yet effectiveness in terms of user experience. Key Features: - Product Search and Filtering: To help users find and sort products with ease. Ideal Skills: - Expertise in Android App Development, specifically in building e-commerce applications. - Strong understanding and experience in creating minimalist designed apps. - Skills in implementing useful product search and filtering features. The end product should deliver an easy-to-use platform for shoppers with a clean and minimalistic aesthetic. Experience in e-commerce app development with a focus on product search and filtering will be highly appreciated.
...creating the circuit for the mentioned components. This includes ensuring the circuit is efficient and functions as intended. - Component selection: I'll require assistance in selecting the right components for the circuit. It's crucial to choose components that are of high quality and fit the project's requirements. The ideal candidate for this job should have a solid background in electronic engineering, particularly in circuit design and component selection. Experience with power supplies, analog digital converters, and relays will be highly preferred. This is an exciting opportunity for a talented engineer to contribute to an innovative project. I have an electronic pcb circuit, it is receiving emc noise. I tried to solve that part by making a 4-layer pcb, ...
...Developer to assist with updating our existing Art Prizes app for both iOS and Android. We've made additions to the underlying .NET solution and now require integration of new pages and features. It's crucial that you have a solid understanding of Flutter as well as knowledge on integrating APIs. Previous experience in updating existing apps and implementing push notifications is highly desired. If you don't have a rating of 4.9 or higher I won't be contacting you. You will have a formal process for versioning the iterations and you will have inhouse testing available. If you deliver an initial solution that is full of bugs we won't continue working with you. First deliverable will be the IOS version FOLLOWED by the android version. Key Tasks:...
As the client, I am in need of an extraordinary Android app developer with a knack for 2D animation design. The primary purpose of this application is to provide assistance to users. In addition, the app must incorporate remarkable graphic aesthetics for better engagement. Key requirements: * Mastery in Android app development: Your proficiencies must lie in this area as it is crucial for the success of this project. * Experience in 2D animation graphics design: Your unique touch in this field will give the app an exceptional look as desired. * Show your expertise: In your application, kindly provide your previous experiences and proven knowledge in Android app development. This information will majorly contribute to the selection process for this task. In conclus...
I've developed an app for Android TV, and have successfully submitted it. However, I failed to realize that opting in and adding images are necessary steps for android tv. Key Responsibilities: - Assist with submitting the app to Android TV. - Complete the submission to Google TV. Please note that the only images required for the submission is android tv related. You will help me with getting them and to correct sizes. You can take scteen shots of app.
I'm in desperate need of a talented technical expert to help me create a seamless P2P money transfer app for both iOS and Android platforms. Key features this app needs to include are: - Person-to-person money transfers, similar to Venmo or Cash App - Integration with a secure and efficient payment gateway Ideal candidate should have: - Extensive experience in iOS and Android development - Prior experience with e-commerce or payment applications - A strong understanding of payment gateway integration Let's connect if you have the requisite skills and experience to deliver this project successfully. I am excited to hear your ideas and approaches.
...appealing, and project a modern, sleek, and commercial image. - Mechanical and Electrical System Design: We need a team with a strong focus on engineering, able to create systems that are energy efficient and innovative. - Innovations: This is an important aspect of the project. We're looking for a team that can bring fresh ideas to the table, with a particular interest in self-driving capability, voice control assistant, wireless charging, advanced safety features, and an innovative AutoCharging system using the car's tire motor. Ideal freelancers for this project should have experience in: - Industrial design and 3D modeling - Mechanical and electrical engineering, particularly in the automotive industry - A creative and innovative approach to design, with a k...
I'm looking for an experienced mobile app developer who can build a feature-rich e-commerce app that will work seamlessly on both Android and iOS. The app will cater to a WordPress-based online shop, ensuring customers have a smooth shopping experience with access to unique features. Key Features & Functionalities: - User Registration & Login: A seamless and secure process for users to create accounts and log in. - Push Notifications: Utilizing notifications to engage with users and keep them updated with the latest offers, deals, and more. - Connected to WordPress Shop: The app should effectively fetch and display product data from the existing WordPress shop, ensuring real-time updates of the product catalog. - Custom Stock Management: Admin should have the capabilit...
I am seeking an experienced engineer who can assist me in the design and analysis of a new project. Ideal skills and experience for the job: - Proficiency in AutoCAD for design and analysis - Strong background in engineering, particularly in the area of design and analysis - Excellent problem-solving skills - Ability to work closely with me to understand my vision for the project and bring it to life
I'm searching for a professional w...professional who can address the issue of an incorrect .p12 key in my Android application. Key Tasks: - Troubleshoot the current .p12 key to identify the cause of the issue - Generate a new key for the application - Update the app with the new key to ensure proper functionality Experience and Skills: - Demonstrable experience with Android app development - Proficiency in handling .p12 key issues - Strong knowledge of Android security protocols and practices I'd appreciate someone who can take care of this process. The applicant should also be able to confirm compatibility of the new key with the versions of Android the app is currently supporting. Please include any relevant experience you have in maintaining an...
I'm looking to transform my game videos, which are currently in Full HD format, to weave a captivating story for my viewers. - The initial task involves trimming and removing any unwanted parts from less than 30 minutes of footage. - I want to bring the remaining video clips to life by adding special effects and animations...clips to life by adding special effects and animations to enhance the overall viewer engagement. - Additionally, adjusting audio levels is crucial to provide crystal clear sound and further enrich the gaming experience. Ideal strengths for this project would be technical proficiency in video editing software, a knack for storytelling through visual effects, and a solid understanding of audio engineering. If you have worked on gaming videos before, that w...
