I understood the problem in this way:
1. Do you have a analog telephone line (POTS, FXS interface)
2. You need to extend this line via the Internet somewhere else
Do I understand the problem correctly?
Do not worry about wireless connection. The G711 codec is 64 kbps. In the IP network, this will give a load of 80 kbps. Your wireless link is enough.
You need two devices, as you wrote ATA. The first one with the FXO interface. You connect the phone line from the cable company to it. The second device must have a FXS interface. You connect the phone to it. The models of these devices need to be selected so that they can work with each other without an intermediate PBX. And the last thing you need to do is to build the channel/VPN between the sites with these ATA. You probably do not need VPN, if the IP-addresses is static, NAT will suffice.
The question with this channel is the most uncertain. Write to me if you are interested in my proposal, I will ask you some more questions and after the answers I will offer a technical solution, cost and terms. And you will make your choice.